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The Myth of Systemic Police Racism
Hold officers accountable who use excessive force. But there’s no evidence of widespread racial bias.
A demonstrator kneels before a police line in Washington, May 31.
Joe Biden released a video the same day
in which he asserted that all African-Americans fear for their safety
from “bad police” and black children must be instructed to tolerate
police abuse just so they can “make it home.” That echoed a claim Mr.
Obama made after the ambush murder of five Dallas officers in July 2016.
During their memorial service, the president said African-American
parents were right to fear that their children may be killed by police
officers whenever they go outside.
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This charge of systemic police bias was wrong during the Obama years and remains so today. However sickening the video of Floyd’s arrest, it isn’t representative of the 375 million annual contacts that police officers have with civilians. A solid body of evidence finds no structural bias in the criminal-justice system with regard to arrests, prosecution or sentencing. Crime and suspect behavior, not race, determine most police actions.
In 2019 police officers fatally shot 1,004 people, most of whom were armed or otherwise dangerous. African-Americans were about a quarter of those killed by cops last year (235), a ratio that has remained stable since 2015. That share of black victims is less than what the black crime rate would predict, since police shootings are a function of how often officers encounter armed and violent suspects. In 2018, the latest year for which such data have been published, African-Americans made up 53% of known homicide offenders in the U.S. and commit about 60% of robberies, though they are 13% of the population.
The police fatally shot nine unarmed blacks and 19 unarmed whites in 2019, according to a Washington Post database, down from 38 and 32, respectively, in 2015. The Post defines “unarmed” broadly to include such cases as a suspect in Newark, N.J., who had a loaded handgun in his car during a police chase. In 2018 there were 7,407 black homicide victims. Assuming a comparable number of victims last year, those nine unarmed black victims of police shootings represent 0.1% of all African-Americans killed in 2019. By contrast, a police officer is 18½ times more likely to be killed by a black male than an unarmed black male is to be killed by a police officer.
On Memorial Day weekend in Chicago alone, 10 African-Americans were killed in drive-by shootings. Such routine violence has continued—a 72-year-old Chicago man shot in the face on May 29 by a gunman who fired about a dozen shots into a residence; two 19-year-old women on the South Side shot to death as they sat in a parked car a few hours earlier; a 16-year-old boy fatally stabbed with his own knife that same day. This past weekend, 80 Chicagoans were shot in drive-by shootings, 21 fatally, the victims overwhelmingly black. Police shootings are not the reason that blacks die of homicide at eight times the rate of whites and Hispanics combined; criminal violence is.
The latest in a series of studies undercutting the claim of systemic police bias was published in August 2019 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The researchers found that the more frequently officers encounter violent suspects from any given racial group, the greater the chance that a member of that group will be fatally shot by a police officer. There is “no significant evidence of antiblack disparity in the likelihood of being fatally shot by police,” they concluded.
A 2015 Justice Department analysis of the Philadelphia Police Department found that white police officers were less likely than black or Hispanic officers to shoot unarmed black suspects. Research by Harvard economist Roland G. Fryer Jr. also found no evidence of racial discrimination in shootings. Any evidence to the contrary fails to take into account crime rates and civilian behavior before and during interactions with police.
The false narrative of systemic police bias resulted in targeted killings of officers during the Obama presidency. The pattern may be repeating itself. Officers are being assaulted and shot at while they try to arrest gun suspects or respond to the growing riots. Police precincts and courthouses have been destroyed with impunity, which will encourage more civilization-destroying violence. If the Ferguson effect of officers backing off law enforcement in minority neighborhoods is reborn as the Minneapolis effect, the thousands of law-abiding African-Americans who depend on the police for basic safety will once again be the victims.
The Minneapolis officers who arrested George Floyd must be held accountable for their excessive use of force and callous indifference to his distress. Police training needs to double down on de-escalation tactics. But Floyd’s death should not undermine the legitimacy of American law enforcement, without which we will continue on a path toward chaos.
Woman Makes History with the NYPD as Their First Female Chief of Counterterrorism Bureau
Martine Materasso will be in charge of several NYPD
units, including the Critical Response Command, the World Trade Center
Command, and the NYPD Bomb Squad
NYPD
Martine Materasso is breaking down barriers for women in the NYPD.
Materasso, 42, was recently named Chief of NYPD’s
Counterterrorism Bureau — marking the very first time that a female
officer has served in the role, according to WABC.
As chief, Materasso will be responsible for leading
several NYPD units, including the Critical Response Command, the World
Trade Center Command, and the NYPD Bomb Squad, and keeping the city safe
against terrorism, the outlet reported.
She will also oversee approximately 1,000 officers, according to News 12 The Bronx.
“Never in my wildest dreams would I imagine that
I’d even be sitting in this seat,” Materasso told WABC after officially
making history.
Materasso’s drive to become a leader started when
she was young, after being born in the Bronx and raised by a father who
served as an NYPD commanding officer, News 12 The Bronx reported.
“I can remember as a little girl coming into the
precinct, coming to the Christmas parties, sitting at his desk, seeing
him work with these officers, and I said from the beginning, ‘Wow this
is something that I want to do,'” she recalled to the outlet.
When it came time for Materasso to go to college,
the Long Island resident decided to head south and attend Miami’s
Florida International University, where she played on their soccer team
as a goalkeeper, News 12 The Bronx reported.
During those years, Materasso said she had an opportunity to develop her leadership skills.
“I think 100% it helped,” she told News 12 The
Bronx of her time on the soccer team. “You’re a leader, so you’re on
that team and the girls on that team, or whatever team I was part of,
they look to you, they want to see that direction, and I [now] apply
that here.”
After graduating, Materasso entered the NYPD, where
she has worked for the last 20 years to protect the city, according to
the outlet.
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She previously made history when she was named the
first commanding officer of the NYPD’s 41st precinct, WABC reported —
and now, Materasso is continuing to pave the way for females in the
NYPD.
“I was in complete shock and awe,” she recalled to
News 12 The Bronx of learning about her promotion. “I probably turned
green, white, pink. I didn’t know what to think actually.”
The mother of two told WABC she believes her
experience working in the department for so long has played a crucial
role in getting her to this point — and will only continue to benefit
her as she leads her colleagues.
“Every single role that I’ve held, inside to
outside — I think it all really shapes you as a leader,” Materasso told
the outlet. “As long as you lead from the front — you get out there and
show the guys and the girls that work for you that you’re going to be
out there with them, then they will have no problem jumping on board and
being right behind you.”
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“I don’t think I go into the position saying, ‘I’m a
woman in the position,’ but I go in saying, ‘I’m a leader and I’m going
to do the best job that I can with the men and women that are serving
with me,'” she added to News 12 The Bronx.
Besides leaving an impact on her colleagues,
Materasso said she hopes serving in the chief role will influence her
two daughters.
“I think they are proud of the things that I’ve
accomplished here,” she explained to WABC, adding that it was important
for the girls to see their mother working in this prominent position.
Community Affairs
The Community Affairs Bureau (CAB) plays a critical role in the department's refocused approach to achieving and sustaining gains against crime by strengthening community relationships and trust. The bureau partners with community leaders, civic organizations, block associations, and concerned citizens to educate them on police policies and practices, and to develop solutions to challenges that arise within the city's many diverse communities. CAB also provides young people with enrichment, diversion, and intervention programs, helping to reduce youth crime. Community affairs officers, crime prevention officers, and youth officers are assigned to each police precinct and stay closely connected with the community.
The Community Affairs Bureau oversees four divisions: Community Outreach Division, Crime Prevention Division, Youth Strategies Division, and School Safety Division, which provide a number of community-related programs and educational videos. It issues crime prevention tips that help prevent community members from being victimized. The bureau also participates in local and national annual events. For additional information about the work of the bureau or the programs it provides, please contact the Community Affairs Bureau by email at communityaffairs@nypd.org, visit the Community Affairs officer at a local police precinct, or call 646-610-5323.
Community Outreach Division develops strong partnerships with communities likely to experience challenges, and works to resolve these issues through the division's liaison units. Department members introduce various communities to the many NYPD programs and other services offered by other city agencies as part of the department's ongoing efforts to enhance quality of life and to reduce fear and crime. The division's outreach units, listed below, stay closely linked with various groups through meetings and events, and foster tolerance and understanding among diverse communities.
- Borough Community Outreach Teams
- Clergy Liaison Program
- Immigrant Outreach Unit
- LGBTQ Outreach Unit
Youth Strategies Division focuses on the well-being of the city's young people, working collaboratively with various department commands and other agencies to prevent and reduce youth crime and victimization. Department members also identify "at-risk" youth and design diversion, intervention, and educational programs for these groups. Please visit our youth services section to learn more about the programs the Community Affairs Bureau provides for young people, or learn about the services from your local precinct's youth officer.
School Safety Division works with the city's Department of Education to provide a safe environment for public school students that is conducive to learning, and a place where students, faculty, and other personnel can be free from any hostility or disruptions. NYPD school safety agents, assigned to every New York City public school, receive 17 weeks of training at the police academy in various disciplines. Police officers are assigned to schools that are more likely to experience conflict. Division staff members continually monitor existing strategies for effectiveness and implement new ones as needed.
New York's finest! Sexy female cop arrests suspects by day, and works as a lingerie model by night
- Samantha Sepulveda is a officer in Freeport, Long Island, making $143,000
- But when not in uniform, she is posing in her underwear for her other job
- Cop of seven years has also been working as a lingerie model for four years
- Bikini-clad pictures have also earned her more than 110,000 followers
- She even claims she is so attractive that suspects come along willingly
- Said raunchy pictures raised eyebrows but was no different than male cops moonlighting as plumbers or electricians
A sexy New York cop catches crooks by day and shows off her curves by night working a a lingerie model.
Samantha Sepulveda is an officer in Freeport, Long Island, according to a New York government website, making $143,000 last year.
But
when she's not heating the beat, she's hitting the beach to show off
her bikini-clad body for her Instagram account which has got more than
110,000 followers.
Young Cop Seems Like A Model Police Officer Until Her Secret Double Life Is Exposed
By all accounts, Officer Samantha Sepulveda was one of the more renowned members of the Freeport Police Department in Long Island, New York. During her first several years, she was determined to break down every possible gender barrier that could set her back in what was, by and large, a male-dominated field.
Even in the face of criminals and officers alike doubting her ability to get the job done, she remained a consummate professional. That’s exactly why it was so difficult for everyone to understand when her partner discovered her shocking secret one day…
Samantha’s first love was always sports and, after high school, she earned a lacrosse scholarship to the University of Massachusetts. While there, she worked for a BA in management, and then went on to get her masters degree in finance from Hofstra University.
Samantha was small in stature—just five feet two inches—but she was incredibly tough and hardworking. Although she’d earned a degree in finance, she ultimately decided a career on Wall Street wasn’t for her. Instead, she decided to become a New York police officer.
Samantha realized she wanted to dedicate her life to helping others, which drove her to enroll in the police academy. Before long, she’d become an officer at the Freeport Police Department in Long Island, New York. But it wasn’t all smooth sailing...
here was no getting around it: being a police officer was extremely difficult, especially for a small woman in a historically male-dominated field. Still, Samantha managed to overcome every hurdle her chosen career path brought her way.
What Samantha lacked in physical size she more than made up for with her amazing interpersonal skills. By all accounts, she was a consummate professional and great police officer.
Still, in order to avoid being undermined as a female police officer, Samantha began resorting to a few tactics—like wearing less makeup and a larger uniform than needed in order to hide her figure.
Sure enough, with her grit and determination, Samantha became one of the most well-regarded members on the force. She’d reached her goal! That’s what made it all the more surprising when it was discovered that she was leading a double life…
Even though Samantha was arguably one of the best officers on the force, her colleagues couldn’t help but sense she’d become distant at work. Soon, they began to suspect she was hiding something. But what?
While rumors swirled around the break room, evidence seemed to be mounting that Samantha was up to something. What could this highly educated, hardworking officer have been doing to arouse their suspicions?
Samantha became aware of the rumors, and she decided that she could no longer keep her double life from her colleagues. All of their years of conducting investigations was bound to reveal the truth anyway. With that, she decided to reveal her secret…
Though she’d tried her best to hide it, Samantha had been working a second job… as a model! A lingerie company had even invited her to appear in their fashion show. Nevertheless, she wasn’t sure how news of her second job would be received.
Samantha hoped that they would understand and support her. After all, she’d begun modeling three years after becoming a police officer because it gave her the same sense of empowerment as law enforcement.
Since she wasn’t sure whether she wanted to give up her career as a police officer, Samantha simply began performing both jobs simultaneously. For a long time, this routine had worked, but eventually it had to come to an end.
Not only was she frequently traveling due to her modeling career, but Samantha was really picking up steam in the business. In fact, she was becoming so popular that her fellow officers soon learned all about her shocking secret. So, how did they respond?
Unfortunately, many mocked her—and they did it relentlessly. Although she’d remained a dedicated officer, there was something about Samantha’s modeling career that caused some of her fellow officers to ridicule her.
Samantha couldn’t help but feel the perception of her modeling career by her colleagues was a huge double standard. She noted that no one else on the force with a second job was ever mocked for whatever else they were doing to pay the bills.
Samantha was also sure to clear things up, stating that her career choice was about celebrating women’s bodies. “If people find it offensive, they can close their eyes!” she explained in one interview.
Despite her colleagues’ reactions, since debuting as a model, Samantha has garnered quite a social media following. With upwards of 250,000 Instagram followers, as well as being featured in Maxim magazine, she was more than on the right track—she was full-on established.
Nowadays, some time after her big reveal, Samantha remains extremely proud to be successfully leading two separate career paths. She gets a great deal of joy out of protecting the people of New York, as she does the same with being a professional model.
Due to finding success as both a police officer and a professional model, Samantha has even decided to write a book called American Beauty, in which she plans to detail the struggles of her work as a female police officer.
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